What is GSTR-1: Filing Process, Late Fee, Eligibility & Due Dates

Q: Can I file GSTR 1 even after filing GSTR 3B?

No, with effect from 1st January 2022, one has to file GSTR 1 before filing the GSTR 3B return.

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In the dynamic financial and taxation system, Goods and Services Tax (GST) plays a vital role to ensure transparency, accountability, and smooth operations of the business and economy. To make the process of GST smoother and transparent, there are GST returns (GSTR), which are submitted and filed online with the help of various forms.

GSTR-1 is one such crucial form in the GST system of India. It's like a detailed report of the turnover (outward supplies) that a registered taxpayer (businesses) need to submit to the Government on a monthly or quarterly basis (based on the annual turnover).. In simpler terms, GSTR-1 is a record of all sales transactions conducted by a business during a specific period. This includes details about your customers, the amount of money you charged them, the amount of GST collected from them and the place of supply.

GSTR-1 helps the Government in keeping track of the sales made by the businesses, by providing detailed information as to what was sold, to whom, at what price and how much tax has been collected on the same. The data is submitted through Form GSTR-1 on the GSTN portal, which is further used to verify input tax credit to be claimed by the recipient. It also helps in tracking the movement of goods and services across the supply chain, ensuring transparency and compliance with GST regulations.

So, let's understand everything about GSTR1 its meaning, format, filing procedures, due date etc.

What is GSTR-1?

GSTR 1 is basically a GST return which all the registered taxpayers under regular scheme must submit on a monthly or quarterly basis (as opted based on the turnover).

For businesses timely filing of GSTR-1 dictates compliance, enabling claims of correct Input Tax Credit (ITC) to the recipient, fostering transparent transactions, and safeguarding against penalties. It also helps in reconciling the data with suppliers and instilling trust in inter-business dealings.

For the Government, GSTR-1 bolsters revenue collection, acts against fraud, and serves as a compass for tax policy decisions. This comprehensive source of data empowers the Government to fine-tune taxation strategies, maintain the integrity of the GST system, and ensure transparency in taxation.

What is the GSTR 1 Format?

Understanding the GSTR-1 format is crucial for businesses to meet their compliance obligations and avoid late fees, interest and penalties. It encompasses various sections and fields where businesses must provide detailed information. The GSTR-1 format comprises 15 tables, each requiring the supplier to input information regarding the goods or the services they have supplied during a specific month (quarter in case opted for QRMP). However, it is important to note that not all of these tables are mandatory for every supplier.

Suppliers are required to fill out tables that correspond to the specific characteristics of their business and the nature of the supplies they offer. Below are the details about the GST R-1 tables:

Tables	Description
Table 1, 2 and 3	GSTIN of the supplier, along with legal and trade names, and the total turnover for the previous financial year.
Table 4	The total value of taxable outward supplies to registered dealers, not including deemed exports and supplies subject to zero-rated taxation.
Table 5	The total value of taxable interstate supplies to unregistered dealers, with invoice amounts below ₹2.5 Lakhs.
Table 6	Details regarding all zero-rated supplies and deemed exports..
Table 7	Total taxable supplies / sales to dealers without GST registration (unregistered), excluding those which are already listed in Table 5.
Table 8	Reporting of nil rated, exempted, and non-GST outward supplies.
Table 9	Any changes or amendments to the taxable outward supplies listed in Table 4, Table 5, or Table 6 of the GSTR-1 return for the previous tax period.
Table 10	Debit notes and credit notes issued to unregistered dealers.
Table 11	Information about advances received or adjustments made during the current tax period, as well as any amendments to the data reported in the previous tax period.
Table 12	A summary of outward supplies categorized by Harmonized System of Nomenclature (HSN) codes.
Table 13	Details about all documents issued in the specified tax period (for which the return has been filed), such as invoices, debit notes, credit notes, delivery challan and similar records.
Table 14	Sales made by Electronic Commerce Operators (ECO) categorized by GSTIN.
Table 14A	Amendments to Table 14A.
Table 15	Sales made through e-commerce operators categorized by suppliers' GSTIN.
Table 15A	Amendments to Table 15 for Business to Business (B2B) sales (Table 15A I) and Business to Consumer (B2C) sales (Table 15A II).

Eligibility for Filing GSTR-1

Any person or business registered in GST as a regular taxpayer must file GSTR-1 return. In case there are no outward transaction during that specific period. If a taxpayer fails to file the return, they must face the required penalties. Since July 2020, those GSTR 1 filers who haven't submitted their returns can utilize an SMS-based facility to do so.

The following categories of GST registered individuals are exempt from the obligation to file GSTR 1, the same has been provided on the GST Portal :

Taxpayers who are responsible for collecting Tax Collected at Source (TCS) u/s 52 of CGST Act, 2017: Section 52 mandates Electronic Commerce Operators (ECOs) to collect tax on certain supplies made through their platform.
Composition Dealers: Businesses with an annual turnover of up to ₹1.5 Crores are eligible for an exemption from GSTR-1 filing, provided that they opt for the composition scheme.
Input Service Distributors: According to GST Rules, it refers to a business's office or facility that receives tax invoices but allocates the tax credit to its branch offices.
Non-resident taxable persons: This refers to an individual who engages in occasional transactions involving the supply of goods or services, either as the principal party, agent, or in any other role, but does not have a permanent business location or residence in India.
Service providers engaged in Online Information and Database Access or Retrieval services (OIDAR): It refers to businesses who are personally responsible for payment, as outlined in Section 14 of the Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST) Act, 2017
Taxpayers who are liable to deduct Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) u/s 51 of CGST Act, 2017: Section 51 allows the following category of people to deduct TDS:
- A department or establishment of State Government or Central Government
- Local Authority
- Governmental Agencies (Such persons or categories of persons as may be notified by the Government on the recommendation of the council)

Documents Required for Filing GSTR-1

When filing GSTR 1, one must provide the following documents:
An active Goods and Services Tax Identification Number (GSTIN).

A valid Digital Signature Certificate (Note: This is not required if one intend to electronically sign the form using your Aadhaar).
If one plans to electronically sign the form, one will need their Aadhaar number.

The following information for a specific tax period must be mentioned in Form GSTR-1:

Detailed information at the invoice level regarding supplies made to registered individuals, including those with UIN (Unique Identification Number);
The total revenue of the taxpayer in the preceding fiscal year.
Detailed information at the invoice level concerning Inter-State supplies with an invoice value exceeding Rs.2,50,000 made to unregistered individuals (consumers);
Information about Credit/Debit Notes issued by the supplier in response to invoices;
Information about the export of goods and services, encompassing deemed exports to Special Economic Zones (SEZ);
A summarized overview of supplies to unregistered individuals (consumers) at the state level;
A summary of the details regarding advances received for future supplies and their adjustments;
Information about any modifications made to the previously reported data for any of the aforementioned categories;
Details about supplies that are nil-rated, exempted, or not subject to GST;
A summary, categorized by HSN (Harmonized System of Nomenclature) or SAC (Services Accounting Code), of outward supplies.
Compile a record of all invoices addressed to individuals with GST Identification Number (GSTIN), specifically focusing on Business-to-Business (B2B) transactions. It is imperative to submit these invoices to the Goods and Services Tax Network (GSTN). The uploaded information for GSTN need not encompass the entire document; only specific details pertaining to a B2B invoice should be included, adhering to the format endorsed by the GSTN.
1. Customer’s GSTIN
2. Type of Invoice
3. Place of Supply
4. Invoice Number
5. Invoice Date
6. Taxable Value
7. GST Rate
8. Amount of IGST applicable
9. Amount of CGST applicable
10. Amount of SGST applicable
11. Amount of GST cess applicable
12. If GST Reverse Charge is applicable
Itemise all invoices issued to individuals lacking GSTIN (B2C invoices) when the invoice amount exceeds Rs.2.5 Lakh. It is compulsory to upload details of all B2C invoices surpassing the Rs.2.5 Lakh threshold to the GSTN. Submit particulars concerning notable B2C invoices to the GSTIN.
1. Invoice number
2. Invoice date
3. Total value of the invoice
4. Taxable value
5. GST rate applicable
6. Amount of IGST applicable
7. Amount of CGST applicable
8. Amount of SGST applicable
9. Amount of GST cess applicable
10. Place of Supply
11. Categorise and summarise intra-state sales, categories by GST rates
12. Categorise and summarise intra-state sales made through an e-commerce operator, categories by GST rates
13. Categorise and summarise inter-state sales, categories by state and GST rates
14. Categorise and summarise intra-state sales made through an e-commerce operator, categories by state and GST rates
Upload information about all export bills to the GSTN. The GSTR-1 return should include the following details for all issued export bills.
1. Customers GSTIN
2. Type of Invoice
3. Invoice Number
4. Invoice Date
5. Shipping Bill Number
6. Shipping Bill Date
7. Port Code
8. Taxable Value
9. GST Rate
10. IGST Amount of IGST applicable
11. CGST amount applicable
12. SGST Amount applicable
13. Amount of GST cess applicable
Summary of goods sold during the month, categorized by HSN codes
Overview of documents issued throughout the tax period.
Overview of debit notes, credit notes, advance receipts, and amendments.

GSTR-1 due date

The GSTR1 due date or GSTR1 Late date of filing depends on total sales volume of the taxpayer. Businesses with a turnover of up to Rs.5 Crore can submit quarterly returns through the QRMP program. Notably, the GSTR-1 deadline for each month gracefully aligns with the 13th day of the following quarter.

On the other hand, taxpayers who do not choose the QRMP scheme or exceed the Rs.5 Crore turnover threshold must submit their returns every month, with the GSTR 1 due date monthly set for the 11^th day of the subsequent month.

For businesses with turnover	Month/Quarter	GST R1 due date/GSTR1 late date
More than Rs.5 crore	October 2022	11th November 2022
	November 2022	11th December 2022
	December 2022	11th January 2022
	January 2023	26th February 2023
	February 2023	11th March 2023
	March 2023	11th April 2023
Turnover up to Rs.5 crore	October December 2022	13th January 2023
	January - March 2023	13th April 2023

Who Should File GSTR 1

GSTR 1 filing is obligatory for registered dealers, irrespective of their monthly transaction activity. Being a registered seller necessitates GSTR 1 filing, even if there were no recorded sales in the previous fiscal year.

Every GST-registered individual must make a GSTR 1 filing, whether or not they conducted any transactions during the specific period.

If a business's annual revenue in the previous or current year surpasses 1.50 crore, on a monthly basis they must submit GSTR-1. The deadline for the current month's GSTR-1 filing is the 11th day of the subsequent month With a turnover less than Rs.1.5 Crore have the option to file GSTR-1 on a quarterly basis.

However, certain categories of individuals or businesses are exempt from GSTR 1 filing:

Input Service Distributor (ISD): According to GST Rules, this pertains to an office or establishment of a business that receives tax invoices but distributes the tax credit to its branch offices.
Composition Dealer: Businesses with an annual turnover of up to Rs.1.5 Crore are exempt from GSTR 1 filing, provided they opt for the composition scheme.
Online Supplier: Providers of online information, database access, or retrieval services are exempt from the obligation to file GSTR-1.
Non-Resident Taxable Person: Those classified as non-resident taxable persons are also excluded from the requirement to file GSTR-1 for their businesses.
Taxpayer Liable for TCS or TDS: Taxpayers responsible for collecting Tax Collected at Source (TCS) or deducting Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) are likewise exempt from this requirement.

How to revise GSTR-1?

In the GST system, once a return is submitted, it cannot be modified or amended. However, any errors in the return can be rectified in the GSTR-1 filing for the subsequent period, whether it's the next month or quarter.

In other words, if a mistake is made in the GSTR1 filing date for December 2022, one can rectify it when filing the GSTR 1 for January 2023 or any subsequent months thereafter.

How to View GSTR 1 Filing Status

One can easily check the status of your GSTR1 filing on the GSTN portal by following these steps:

Step 1: Log in to the GST portal using your login credentials.

Step 2: Hover mouse pointer over the "Services" menu, and a dropdown menu will appear.

Step 3: Click on "Returns."

Step 4: Next, click on "Track Return Status."

Step 5: Input the ARN (Acknowledgement Reference Number) into the specified field and click "Search". Alternatively, use the "Return Filing Period" for searching.

Step 6: A table will appear, presenting comprehensive details of your GSTR 1 returns.

Step 7: You can check the return status in the "Status" column of the table.

As per the GST FAQ , there are four potential statuses for GSTR 1:

To Be Filed: Return due but not filed
Submitted But Not Filed: Return Validated but filing is pending.
Filed Valid: Return Filed
Filed Invalid: Return Filed but tax not paid or short paid

GSTR-1 Late Fee and Penalty

If one fails to submit a GSTR 1 return on GSTR 1 last date as per the prescribed deadline, one will be subject to GSTR 1 late fees at the rates outlined below. Additionally, for the delayed filing of GSTR 1, an annual interest rate of 18% will be imposed on the outstanding tax amount.

The subsequent table provides a comprehensive breakdown of the late fees you might incur, contingent on your turnover.

GST Act	Late fees for GSTR 1 for every day of delay	Maximum late fee for GSTR 1 (For businesses with a turnover of less than Rs.1.5 Crore)	Maximum late fee for GSTR 1 (For businesses with turnover between Rs.1.5 Crore to Rs.5 Crore)
CGST Act, 2017	₹25	₹1,000	₹2,500
Respective SCGT Act, 2017 / UTGST Act, 2017	₹25	₹1,000	₹2,500
Total late fees	₹50	₹2,000	₹5,000

Type of GSTR

Type of GST	Authority benefited	Applicability	Who Collected by	Priority of text credit use
CGST	Central Government	Intrastate transactions	Central Government	CGST IGST
SGST	State Government	Intrastate transactions	State Government	SGST IGST
IGST	Central Government and State Government	Interstate transactions	Central Government	IGST CGST SGST
UTGST	Union Territory (UT) Government	Within a single Union Territory transaction	Union Territory (UT) Government	UTGST IGST

Conclusion

GST R1 is more than just a tax obligation; it's a crucial element of one’s business's compliance journey in the world of Goods and Services Tax. Regardless of one’s business size or complexity, understanding GSTR 1 is essential. It's a commitment to transparency, record of transactions, and contribution to a robust tax system

As one delves into the intricacies of GSTR 1, remember that knowledge and accuracy are allies. With the right understanding and attention to detail, one can navigate the GSTR 1 meaning and filing process smoothly, ensuring that their business remains in good standing within the GST framework.

Kotak Mahindra Bank is an authorized bank to collect Goods & Services Tax (GST) through its digital integration with the GST portal. Individual and corporate customers can make end-to-end tax payments on this portal simply by selecting Kotak Net Banking as a payment option or pay using Credit Card/Debit Card or UPI of any bank via the Kotak Payment Gateway. Customers can also make GST payments through cash, cheque or DD by selecting “Over-the-Counter” mode of payment while creating a challan on the GSTN portal.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Should I file GSTR 1 even if there are no sales in a month?

Yes. In such cases, one is required to file a GST1 Nil return

Can I upload an invoice only while filing the return?

One has the flexibility to upload invoices at any time. However, it is strongly recommended that you upload invoices periodically throughout the month to prevent the need for a large, time-consuming bulk upload when it's time to file returns.

Can I change a bill/ invoice uploaded on the GST portal?

Following the upload of bills, one has the freedom to make multiple revisions or adjustments as needed. There are no limitations on modifying invoices after they have been uploaded. However, it's important to note that one can only make changes to an invoice before you officially submit the return.

Can I file GSTR 1 after the due date?

Yes, it is possible to submit the GSTR 1 return even after the deadline has passed. Nevertheless, please be aware that a late fee for GSTR 1 will be imposed based on the number of days the filing is delayed.

What is the difference between GSTR 1 & GSTR 3B?

In GSTR 1, one is required to provide a comprehensive breakdown of all sales details, while in the GSTR 3B return, one needs to report summarized figures for sales, Input Tax Credit (ITC) claimed, and the net tax payable.

Can I file GSTR 1 even after filing GSTR 3B?

No, with effect from 1^st January 2022, one has to file GSTR 1 before filing the GSTR 3B return.

Should I make a GST payment after filing GSTR 1?

GSTR 1 is a return used for reporting sales details to the government, and it doesn't require a tax payment upon filing. On the other hand, when filing GSTR 3B, you are obligated to settle any tax liabilities that may be due.

How can I upload invoices under the QRMP scheme?

One has the option to utilize the Invoice Furnishing Facility (IFF) to upload invoices pertaining to the initial two months of the quarter, while the invoices for the final month of the quarter can be included in the quarterly GSTR 1 return.

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Disclaimer: This Article is for information purposes only. The views expressed in this Article do not necessarily constitute the views of Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd. (“Bank”) or its employees. The Bank makes no warranty of any kind with respect to the completeness or accuracy of the material and articles contained in this Article. The information contained in this Article is sourced from empanelled external experts for the benefit of the customers and it does not constitute legal advice from the Bank. The Bank, its directors, employees and the contributors shall not be responsible or liable for any damage or loss resulting from or arising due to reliance on or use of any information contained herein. Tax laws are subject to amendment from time to time. The above information is for general understanding and reference. This is not legal advice or tax advice, and users are advised to consult their tax advisors before making any decision or taking any action.

What is GSTR-1? Return Filing, Format, Eligibility